Crushing mill



Sept. 30, 1930. l H E W|||PPLE 1,777,061

CRUSHING MILL Filed oct. 29, 1928 2 sheets-sheet 1 jl i. y 2 4 9 7 6 5 s 9 29 ,as z' g' f: f 1 1 2z/- A WA V7' e '26 &\\ N 'a' zo 36 9 l' Inventor; fang/E. Il//zz'pple H. E. WHIPPLE CRUSHING MILL Sept. 3o, 1930.

Filed 0ct. 29, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet- Patented sep.va.o,1aaev 1,777,061

UNITED STATES PATENT ori-ICE HENRY E wHIPPLE, or' Los ANGELES, cALrFonNIA CRUSHING MILL Applicationled ctober 29, 1928. Serial No. 315,837.

This invention relates to mills for wet r positioned within the drum. I-Ieretofore it dry crushing of arg7 kind of materials to any has been common to use metallic rods of reladesired degree of neness. y tively small diameter as crushing members,

The objects of the invention are to render these rods being used in a considerable number f, such mills more efficient in operation; to ins0 as to tumble over each other as the drum 50 crease the speed at which the mill maybe rotates, thereby crushing the materials bedriven and the materials crushed; to reduce tween themselves as well as upon the crushthe power for operating the mill, to eliminate ing surface of the drum. This tumbling acwear 0f the crushing members and the mill tion of the rods results in rapid wear, and it )n lining; to eliminate dust due tothe crushing requires much power to lift the rods to that 55 action; to reduce the total weight of the mill position where they will tumble. Moreover, andthe freight charges for shipment of the the individual rods are relatively light and same, and to make the mill operative for carexert but a correspondingly small crushing rying out either the wet or the dry process force. Consequently, mills of that characf i 1;, of crushing. The manner in which these sevter perform theirwork slowly and require a 60 eral objects are attained will be more fully great deal of power for their operation. As set OIth hereinafter. will be seen, I have largely eliminated the The accompanying drawings show one element of wear and have greatly reduced form of my invention, but it is to be underthe power necessary for operation.

0 stood that the principles of the same may be Taking up a detailed description of the in- 65'- l embodied in different structures and that the venton as shown in the drawings, 5 repre,- cla-ims hereof are not intended t0 beilnted sents the shell of the drum, and 6 the lining to the exact structure shown any farther than therefor. As shown, the lining is made up the specific terms employed render such limofA a, plurality of ring-like members made ita-tion necessary referably' of cast steel or rolled plate. 70

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a central lon- -gVhen assembled within the shell, these lingitudinal and vertical section taken centrally ing members form a Substantially continuous tllI'OUgll the mill SllOW'lIlg the discharging cylindrical body having an interior cylindrimeans employed when the mill is used for Wet cal surface which forms one of the active ele- '30 crushing; Fig. 2 isa transverse vertical secmentsin the crushing operation. For rea- 75 tlOIl through the mill taken 011 the breken lille sons more fully stated hereinafter, the sec- Y 2 2 0f Fig. l and lOOkIlg in the direction O tions of the liner 6 are provided with recesses the arrows, parts of the liner and of the'ffwr pockets 7, those at the right hand or feedcrushing rollers being broken awa to show-,tying end 0f the drum being more closely spaced the recesses or pockets therein; ig. 3 is ai than those farther toward the left, while the 80' sectional. view taken centrally through the pockets 7 toward the left extend but partiala, dlschar n means which 1s used when crushly through their respective lining members.

lng by t e ry process, and Flg. 4 1s a trans- The r1ght hand end ofthe drum is closed r verse sectional view taken through `Fig. 1 on Alby the feed-head 8 to which i's attached an inl 40 the h ne 4-4thereof and looking in the directerior end liner 9, the latter having a iiared g5 4 `tion of the arrows. opening-at the center and at the axis of thev The nnll herein shown is of the rotary type drum, as shown at 10. Bolted, or otherwise compnsin a rotatable drum having'anintesecured, to the feed-head 8 -is a large spur iii inner' cyl1n rical crushing surface upon which ear 11 through. which the drum is 'rotated slpthe materials are crushed by members loosely rom any suitable source of power The 90 part of the bearing is closed with a suita 1e Vmember 16 having a closure cap 17, the memf ber and cap providing a chamber within which oiled waste may be packed for lubricatlng purposes. The bearing 13 thus supports' the drum at one of its ends, while the other end 1s supported by rollers 18 upon which a steel tire 19 rolls. But one of these rollers fs shown in the drawin The tubular bearin 12 is closed at its outer end by a hollow member 20, the same having anv opening 21 in the axial line of the drum through which lthe materials to bel crushed may be fed. The interior of the member is divided by a partition 22, inclined to the axis of the drum, as shown, said partition being l provided with an opening 23. When the Y 29, said head being secured to parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, the materials entering through 21 fall to the lower part of the member 20. As the drum with the said memberl is rotated, these materials pass through the opening 23 and into a screw feeding bearing, said device being provided with the screw threads 25 which work the materials toward the left until they pass throu h the flared opening 10 of the end liner an enter the drum pro er.

Near the le hand or the discharge end of the drum there is an annular lining member 26, the same being shown, in part, in Fig. 4.

his member is provided with a series of apertures 27 which are elongated, as shown 1n Fig: 4, with their loger axes making angles with the radii extending from the axis of rotation, as shown in Fig. 4. The openings 27 are closed by screens 28 in order to h old back the coarser particles of the materials so that they will be discharged back into the drum for further crushing. The discharge end of the drum is closed by a head the drum by any suitable means, as by the bolts 30. Between the head 29 and the discharge-liner 26 there is an elevator 31, part of the same being shown in section `in Fig. 4. VThis elevator is a hollow lannulus with transverse partitions 32 therein so arranged as to form a seiies of pockets 33, the side of theelevator adjacent the discharge lining 26 being proyided with a series of apertures 34 register. ing with the apertures 27 in the said liner. lhe construction of the parts just described is such. that the crushed materials pass through the apertures-2 7# and 34 and through the screens 28 into the pockets 33 of the elevator in which they are lifted as the drumand the elevator rotate. The partitions 32 'ch the tubular d Y extension 12 of the head rotates. The up er device 24 within the tubular extendin directions parallel with the longer axes of the apertures 27 and 34, and the materials in the pockets are carried upwardly by said partit-ions and are discharged by gravity downwardly toward the axis of the rum.

'Figure l shows the invention adapted for use with wetm'aterials. In this structure, the nely crushed materials which pass the screens 28 and which are lifted by the clevator 31, are deposited into a discharge pan 35, the outer end of which is open so that 'f the materials may lrun out into a launder 36 to be conducted away as desired. The laun- 'der 36 and the discharge pan 37 are rigidly connected together, as by the rivets 37, so that the two may be handled together. The inner end of the discharge pan is :closed by an upwardly extending plate 38 to prevent any of the finished materials from reenterin the drum. Secured to the plate 38 on its inward side is a flanged member 39, the lower portion of the flange being turned downwardly as shown. This member t-urns backwardly into the interior ofl the crushing portion of the drum any coarser materials which may fall upon the inclined flange, which flange is designated 39 on Fig. 1 of the drawin s.

tlglVithin the drum and in rolling contact with the crushing surface4 of the liner 61s a large cylindrical crushing roller 40. While the size of this roller may vary, it is desirable that its diameter be as large as practicable in order that it m'ay have an extended surface in crushing relation with the liner 6 upon which it rolls. If this roller were merely a metal bar, the crushing surface thereof would be little more than a mere line.. This effective crushing surface increases with the diameter of the roller and consequently, the latter i3 made large, as stated. lr'In practice, the ratio of the diameters of the crushing surface of the drum and of the roller is not greater than six to one. In other words, the roller should have a diameter at IeaStpne-'Sixth as great as the diameter of the cylindrical surface upon which it rolls. Furthe/r, the large roller has great weight so as eii'ectually to crush the materials-'over which 1t rolls. 4The roller 40 is preferably made hollow, as shown, and its inner surface provides a second crushing surface upon which rolls a second crushing cylinder or roller 41. The diameter of the second cylinder is preferably made as large as practicable for the reasons stated in connection with the roller 40. That is .to say, the roller 41 will then have an extensive effectual crushing area cooperating with the inner crushing surface of the roller 40, and it will also possess the necessary weiglitfor crushing the materials.

Preferably, the roller 4l is also a hollow cylinder, a third crushing surface upon which rolls a the inner surface of which forms v 4.ing

third crushing roller 42. For mills of ordivnary size, the three rollers 40, 41 and 42 are suicient. Therefore, there willbe no interior crushing surface required in the roller 42, and it is made solid in order to give it the requisite crushing weight. At its feed end, however, it is provided with a recess or chamber 43 opening outwardly to receive the materials which enter through the feedapparatus. -These materia s pass out*- wardly from the chamber through passages 44 onto the inner crushing surface of the roller..41 so as to be first subjected to the crushing action of the roller 42. As will be understood, the crushing weight applied to the materials on the surface of the liner 6 is sub stantially the combined weights of all the rollers. In small sized mill and where the materials are easily crushed, fewer rollers will suffice.

The roller lis provide-d with a series of passages 45 Vextending through it in agenerally radial direction, as shown in Fig. 2, and the roller 41 is provided with similar \assages 46. These passages not only per- 'mit the crushed or partially crushed materials to pass through them during the crushing operation, but they lift the materials for some distancel and then discharge them inwardly to be further acted upon. In order that they may more efectually perform .the last stated function, the passages 'do ,not extend through the rollers in straight radial direction, but are angular in shape,

as shown in' Fig. 2. This angularity resultsV in the formation of cups or pockets which hold the materials until the pockets have turned about and are well toward the top of the rollers. The materials from the pockets of the roller 40 are thus discharged upon the outer surface of the roller 41 and are distributed over said surface in best condition for further crushing action by said roller. In like manner the cup shaped pasl sages 46 of the roller 4l carry the materials vupwardly and distributethem upon the surface of the roller 42. In the same way, the pockets 7 and 7 in the liner 6 carry up the crushed materials and pour them out upon the outer surface of the drum 40.

During operation, the finely crushed materials are constantly'discharging through These materials pass freely through the screens with the result that there is less material present toward the discharge end of the drum than there is at or near the feed end. Con-4 sequently, there is more material to be elevated at the feed end, andthe pockets or re cesses 7, 45 and 46 'are spaced more closely together at and near the feed end than they are toward the discharge end. In fact, the pockets 7 in the liner-"do not need to extend through to the shell, since they have sui# However, it is desirable that all the parts used in the wet process, except the discharge -pan and launder, be also used in the dry.

process. The said pan and launder are therefore made easily detachable or removable from themill, while the discharge head 29 isprovided with a iange 47 to which the housing 48 of the discharge fan 49 may be readily attached.` To the fan housing 48 there is secured a housing 49a for the electric motor 50, the armature shaft of said motor being suitably journaledkin the housing 49 and in a partition member-"5ly which separates the fan housing from the motor housing. When the fan is driven, the air is drawn out of the drum, being discharged through a passage which is led from the fan housing about the motor housing, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3 and ,is then curved into a discharge tube 52, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the motor and of the drum of the crushing machine. It will be understood that the flange 47 of the discharge drumhead turns the housings for the fan and motor, so that all of these parts rotate as a unit about the axis of the drum. For disposing of the finely crushed material drawn outwardly by the fan, the discharge tube 52 is connected with a suitable conveying pipe, not shown, which leads`to any desired rcceiver for the crushed material.

As stated, before the fan housing is attached to the head-flange 47, the discharge pan and launder 35 and36, used in the wet process, are removed. This provides ample space for the members shown at the right in Fig. 3 which `project through the discharge headv 29, and through the elevator These members consist of an annulus i 53, which is attached to the fan housing in any suitable manner, as by means of bolts 54. The annulus r53 is provided with a series of projecting fingers 55, the same forming aA tapered cage or skeleton over which there is placed a screen 56. All materials which are lifted by the elevator 31 are deposited upon this screen, and any of them wh1ch are fine enough to pass through the meshes of the screenare drawn outwardly by the fan. The particles which are. too coarse to pass through the' screen move inwardly along the tapere'd surface of the screen and drop back into the drum proper so as to be further acted upon by the crushing rollers. To `facilitate ward the drum ed, the same being glven A such shape as will cause the coarser particles lto to travel in the desired direction. The very fine particles do not ordinarily pass through the screensbut are drawn by the fan directly into the open end of the cage 55.

Owing to the largediameters of the rollers with respect to the surfaces upon which they roll, there is substantially a true rolling action and but little wear. Moreover, the rollers turn when the drum has moved but slightly from its position-of rest, as indicated in Fig. 2, so that the rollers arenot lifted far above their lowermost positions. Consequently, relatively little power is required to start the rollers turning and to maintain the rolling action. For this reason, my invention' results in a great saving of power as well as in a great reduction of wear. If desired, the third or inner roller may be omitted and the materials fed directly into the open end of the second roller. In such a structure the said second roller would be made heavier to increase its crushing action and` preferably, its walls would diminish in thickness from the feed toward the discharge end to cause the materials to move in that direction. At the discharge end the roller may be provided with aA bead or flange extendingr inwardly and serving as a low dam to hold back the materials until they pass outwardly through the peripheral openings. Such a structure is so obvious from the foregoing description that it is not deemed necessary to add to the drawings by an illustration of it.

Since the operation of the mill involves nothing but the rolling of surfaces one over the other, the mill may be driven at a high rate of speed without undue jar. In view of all ofthese facts, a mill embodying the invention herein disclosed is capable of doing as much work asa much larger, heavier and more expensive mill built upon any other principle known to applicant.

While the drawings disclose plain or smooth contacting surfaces on the liner and on the drums, these surfaces may be corrugated or finished in any other desired pattern.

For furnishing current to the electric motor 50, the discharge tube 52 is provided with the necessary contact rings for brushes, one' of such rings being indicated at 58.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Iletters Patent is 1. In a crushing mill, the combination with a hollow rotatable member the interior surface of which forms a cylindrical crushing surface, of a crushing roller within the hollow of said member and having rolling contact with the crushing surface thereof as the member rotates, said roller being provided with a pocket at one end and with passages Aand having rollin pocket, and means for removing the crushed material.

2. In a crushing mill, the combination with a hollow rotatable member having an interior cylindrical crushing surface, of a hol-V low crushing roller within the said member andv having rolling contact with said surface as the member rotates, the interior of the hollow roller forming a second cylindrical crushing surface, a crushing roller within the hollow of the first mentioned roller contact with the crushing surface thereo the last mentioned roller having a pocket therein andpassages leading from the pocket outwardly to the surface of the said last mentioned roller, means for feeding the materialto be crushed into the said pocket, and means for removing the crushed material.

3. In a crushing mill,the combination with a rotatable drum having an interior cylindrical crushing surface, of a hollow crushino' roller within the said drum and having ro ling contact with said surface as the drum rotates, the interior of the hollow roller forming a second cylindrical crushing surface, a second hollow crushing roller within the first mentioned roller and having rolling Contact with the crushing surface thereof,

the interior of the said second roller form-- ing a third cylindrical crushing surface, a third crushing roller within the hollow of the second roller and having rolling contact with the crushing surface thereof, said third roller having apocket therein and passages leading from the pocket outwardly to the surface of the said third roller, means for feeding the material to be crushed into the said pocket, and means for removing the rcrushed material from the drum.

4. In a. crushing mill, the combination with 'a hollow rotatable drum, of means within said drum for crushing material fed thereto, a head atone end of the drum, means connected with said head for feeding material to be crushed into said drum, a second head at the other end of the drum; a housing connected to said latter head, a fanvv and a motor for driving the same .within said housing, the housing, fan and motor rotating with the said drum, and means connected with the said housing for conducting the finely crushed material from the drum, said fan acting to draw said material from the drum and to discharge it through said conducting means.

5. In a crushing mill, the combination with a hollow rotatable drum, of means within said drum for crushing material fed thereto, a head at one end of the drum, means connected with said head for feeding materials to be crushed into said drum, a second head at the other end of the drum through'which the crushed material may be discharged, and means on the second head for attachment of a fan housing.

6. In a crushing mill, the combination with a hollow rotatable drum, of means within said drulm for'crushing material fed thereto, a

head at one end of the drum, means conl nected with said head for feeding materials to be crushed into said drum; a second head at the other end of-the drum through which the .crushed material may be discharged, means rotatable with the drum between the second head and the crushing means for lifting the crushed material and discharging the ing surface thereof, said third roller having a pocket formed at one of its ends, a hollow trunnion supporting the drum at one of its ends, means for feeding l material to be crushed through the said hollow trunnion and for discharging the same directly into the pocket of the third roller, means for rotating the drum and means for removing the crushed material from the drum.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

- HENRY E. WHIPPLE.

same toward the axis of'rotation, and means y on the second head for attachment of a fan housing. y

7 A crushingmill comprising a rotatable drum having an interior cylindrical crushing surface, a hollow crushing roller within the said drum and having rolling contact with said surface as the drum rotates, a hollow trunnion supporting said drum at one of its ends, the hollow ofthe trunnion having open and unobstructed communication with the hollow of the roller, means for feeding material to be crushed through said hollow trunnion and for discharging the'same directly into the hollow of the roller, means for rotating the drum and means for removing the crushed material from the drum.

' 8. Afcrushing mill comprising a'rotatable drum having an interior cylindrical crushing surface, a hollow crushing roller within the v said drum and havin rolling contact with Asaid second crushing lremoving'the crushing material from thedrum 9. A crushing mill comprising a rotatable drum having an interior cylin rical crushing surface, a hollow crushingroller within the said drum and having rolling contact with said surface, the interior -of the hollow roller formmg a second crushing surface, a

second hollow roller within the rstmenl tioned roller and having rolling contact with g the said second crushing surface, theinterior of the second hollow rollerforming a third surface, a third roller within the second roller and having L011mg contact with the crush- 

